Financial Development and Economic Growth in Emerging Markets: The Nigerian Experience

Authors

  •   Tomola Marshal Obamuyi Associate Professor of Finance, Department of Banking and Finance, Adekunle Ajasin University, P.M.B.001, Akungba-Akoko, Ondo State

Keywords:

Financial Development, Economic Growth, Causality Test, Vector Error Correction Model.

Abstract

The paper provides new evidence on the empirical relationship between financial development and economic growth in Nigeria. Time-series data from 1973 to 2009 were employed to run the econometric analysis of cointegration and Vector Error Correction Model (VECM). The Granger causality test was also adopted to test the direction of causality between financial development and economic growth in the country. The results of the study reveal that there exists a bi-directional causality between economic growth and financial development in the country. The results of this study provide evidence for the government to identify those financial development and growth variables that contribute to the overall economic performance in Nigeria.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Downloads

Published

2012-04-01

How to Cite

Obamuyi, T. M. (2012). Financial Development and Economic Growth in Emerging Markets: The Nigerian Experience. Indian Journal of Finance, 6(4), 16–27. Retrieved from https://indianjournalofcomputerscience.com/index.php/IJF/article/view/72423

Issue

Section

Articles

References

Acaravci, A., Ozturk, I. and Acaravci, S. K. (2007). “Finance-Growth Nexus: Evidence from Turkey†. International Research Journal of Finance and Economics, Issue 11, accessed on 9th November, 2011. http://www.eurojournals.com/irjfe11%20ali.pdf

Acharya, D., Amanulla, S. and Joy, S. (2009). “Financial Development and Economic Growth in Indian States: An Examinationâ€. International Research Journal of Finance and Economics, Issue 24, accessed on 9th November, 2011. http://www.eurojournals.com/irjfe_24_10.pdf

African Institute for Applied Economics (AIAE) (2005). “Sustainability of Economic Growth in Nigeria: The Role of the Renewable Natural Resourceâ€. Summary of Research Findings and Policy Implications, Enugu, Nigeria.

Ang, J. B. and McKibbin, W. J. (2005). “Financial Liberalization, Financial Sector Development and Growth: Evidence from Malaysiaâ€. Centre for Applied Macroeconomic Analysis Working Paper No. 5, 2005, accessed on 9th November, 2011. http://cama.anu.edu.au/Working%20Papers/Papers/2005/Ang_McKibbin_52005.pdf

Bannerjee, A., Dolapo, J. and Mestre, R. (1998). “Error Correction Mechanism tests for cointegration in a single equation frameworkâ€. Journal of Time Series Analysis, Volume 19, pp. 267- 283.

Bayoumi T. and Melander O. (2008). “Credit Matters: Empirical Evidence on US Macro Financial Linkagesâ€. IMF Working Paper No. 08/169, 2008.

Boyd, J. H. Levine, R. and Smith, B. D. (1996). “Inflation and Financial Performance†. Federal Reserve Board of Minneapolis Working Paper No. 573D, 1996 accessed on 9th November, 2011. http://clevelandfed.org/Research/Workpaper/1996/wp9617.pdf

Buffie, E. F. (1984). “Financial repression, the New Structuralists, and Stabilization Policy in Semi-industrialized Economicsâ€. Journal of Development Economics, Volume 14, pp. 305-322.

Cameron, R. (1967). 'Banking in the Early Stages of Industrialisation: A Study in Comparative Economic History'. New York: Oxford University Press.

Central Bank of Nigeria (2004). 'Banking Supervision Annual Report'. accessed on 9th November, 2011. http://cenbank.org/out/publications/bsd/2005/bsar-04.pdf

Central Bank of Nigeria (2006). 'Banking Supervision Annual Report'. http://www.cenbank.org/out/publications/reports/bsd/2007/banking %20supervision%20ar%202006%20current.pdf accessed on 9th November, 2011.

Cheang, N. (2004). “Financial Stability and Economic Growth in Macao.†accessed on April 5,2011, http://www.amcm.gov.mo/publication/quarterly/Apr2004/Financial%20Stability_en.pdf.

Dargay, J. Goodwin, P. and Hanly, M. (2002). “Development of an Aggregated Transport Forecasting Model (ATFM).†Contract PPAD 9/65/92. accessed on 9th November, 2011. http://www.cts.ucl.ac.uk/tsu/papers/ATFMS1ExtensionforPublication.pdf

Dickey, D., A., and Fuller, W., A. (1981). “Likelihood Ratio Statistics for Auto Regression Time Series with Unit Root†. Econometrical, Volume 49, Number 4, pp. 1057 - 1072.

Din, M. U. (2004). “Exports, Imports, and Economic Growth in South Asia: Evidence Using a Multivariate Time-Series Framework†. The Pakistan Development Review, Volume 43, Number 2, pp. 105 124. accessed on 9th November, 2011. http://www.pide.org.pk/pdf/PDR/2004/Muslehuddin.pdf

Djoumessi, E. C. K. (2009). “Financial Development and Economic Growth: A Comparative Study between Cameroon and South Africa†. Master of Commerce Dissertation, University of South Africa. accessed on 9th November, 2011. http://uir.unisa.ac.za/bitstream/10500/2746/1/dissertation_djoumessi_%20e.pdf 1%

Egbuna, N. (2008). “Consumer Protection and financial Stability in Malaysian: Lessons for Nigeriaâ€. Bullion, Volume 32, Number 3, pp. 75 - 92.

Guryay, E., Safakli, O.V., and Tuzel, B. (2007). “Financial Development and Economic Growth: Evidence from Northern Cyprusâ€. International Research Journal of Finance and Economics, Issue 8, pp. 57 - 62.

Halkos, G.(2010). “Financial and Real Sector Interactions: The Case of Greece.†Munich Personal RePEC Archive(MPRA) Paper No. 24391. accessed on 9th November, 2011. http://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/24391/1/MPRA_paper_24391.pdf

Johansen, S. and Juselius, K. (1990). “Maximum Likelihood Estimation and Influence on Cointegration with Application to Demand for Moneyâ€. Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, Volume 52, pp. 169 - 210.

Kar, M. and Pentecost, E. J. (2000). “Financial Development and Economic Growth in Turkey: Further Evidence on the Causality Issueâ€. Economic Research Paper No. 00/27. accessed on 9th November, 2011. http://www.econturk.org/muhsinkar.pdf

KaseKende, L. (2008). “Developing a Sound Banking System†. Proceedings of the High-Level Seminar on African Finance for the 21st Century Organized by the IMF Institute and the Joint Africa Institute Tunis, Tunisia, March 4 - 5, 2008.

King, R.G and Levine, R. (1993). “Financial International and Growth: Theory and Evidence†. Journal of Monetary Economics, Volume 32, pp. 513-542.

Lucas, R. (1998). “On the Mechanics of Economic Developmentâ€. Journal of Monetary Economics, Volume 22, pp. 3 - 42.

McKinnon R. (1973). 'Money and Capital in Economic Development'. Washington: The Brookings Institute.

Mehrez, G. and Kaufmann, D. (2000). “Transparency, Liberalization and Banking Crisesâ€. World Bank Policy Research Working Paper No.2286, 2000.

Meloche, Y. (2009). “A Sensitivity Test of the Bilateral Trade Balance to Exchange Rates: A Review of the Australian Bilateral Trade Balance with Japan between 1988 and 2007†. Economic Working Paper No. 09-14. accessed on 9th November, 2011. http://www.uow.edu.au/content/groups/public/@web/@commerce/@econ/documents/doc/uow068023.pdf

Mohamed, S. E. (2006). “Finance-Growth Nexus in Sudan: Empirical Assessment Based on an Application of the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) Model†. API/WPS No. 0803. accessed on 5 April,2011: www.arab-api.org/jodep/products/delivery/wps0803.pdf

Obamuyi, T. M. (2008). “Government Policies and the Challenges to Private Sector Development in Nigeria†. Proceedings of the First Annual International Forum on Sustainable Private Sector Development: Growing Inclusive Market (GIM) 2008 Conference, Halifax, Noval Scotia, Canada, June 20th - 21st, 2008 .

Obamuyi, T. M. (2009). “An Investigation of the Relationship Between Interest Rates and Economic Growth in Nigeria, 1970 - 2006.†http://www.academicjournals.org/JEIF/PDF/pdf2009/Sep/Obamuyi.pdf accessed on 5 April, 2011.

Odedokun , M. (1996). “Alternative Econometric Approaches for Analyzing the Role of the Financial Sector in Economics Growth: Time Series Evidence from LDCs†. Journal of Development Economics, Volume 50, pp. 119-146.

Odedokun M. O. (1998). "Financial Intermediation and Economic Growth in Developing Countries" . Journal of Economic Studies, Volume 25, Issue 3, pp. 203 - 224.

Ojo, A. T. (2010). 'The Nigerian Maladapted Financial System: Reforming Tasks and Development Dilemma'. First Edition, Chartered Institute of Bankers of Nigeria Press Limited, Lagos, p. 31.

Oluitan, R.(2009). “ Bank Credit and Economic Growth: The Nigerian Experience†accessed on 9th November, 2011. http://www.csae.ox.ac.uk/conferences/2009-EDiA/papers/094-Oluitan.pdf

Oreiro, J. L., Nakabashi, L., Jonas, G., and Souza, G. (2010). “The Economics of Demand Led-Growth Theory and Evidence for Brazilâ€. University of Brasilia, Department of Economics Working Paper No. 339, 2010, November.

Outreville, J. F. (1999). “Financial Development, Human Capital and Political Stability†. UNCTAD/OSG/DP/142. accessed on 6 April, 2011, www.unctad.org/templates/download.asp?docid=204&lang=1.

Owoye, O. and Onafowora, O. A. (2007). “M2 Targeting, Money Demand, and Real GDP Growth in Nigeria: Do Rules Apply?†. Journal of Business and Public Affairs, Volume 1, Issue 2, pp. 1-20.

Patrick H. (1966). “Financial Development and Economic Growth in Underdeveloped Countries†. Economic Development and Cultural Change, Volume 14, pp. 174-189.

Phillips, P.C.B, and P. Perron (1988). “Testing for a Unit Root in Time Series Regressions" . Biometrika, Volume 75, pp. 335-346.40) Rajan, R. and Zingales, L. (1998). “Financial Dependence and Growthâ€. The American Economic Review, Volume 88, pp. 559 - 586.

Ramlal, V. and Watson, P. K. (2005). “Financial Developemnt and Economic Growth in the CARICOM Sub-Region†. Proceedings of the 37th Annual Monetary Studies Conference of the Caribbean Centre for Money and Finance (CCMF) 2005 Annual Conference. accessed on 9th November, 2011. http://ccmfuwi.org/files/publications/conference/880.pdf

Robinson J. (1952). “The Generalization of the General Theoryâ€, in The Rate of Interest and other Essays. London: McMillan, pp. 67-146.

Schmidt, R.H. and Winkler, A. (1999). “Building Financial Institutions in Developing Countries†Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universitat, Frankfurt am main Fachberich Wirtschaftswissenschaften, Working paper Series: Finance and Accounting, No. 45, 1999.

Shahbaz, M., Rehman, J. U. and Hussain, W.(2008). “Does Foreign Rettances Reduce Government Spending? Long and Short Run Phenomenonâ€. International Research Journal of Finance and Finance, Issue 14, accessed on 9th November, 2011. http://www.eurojournals.com/irjfe%2014%20shahbaz2.pdf

Shaw, E. (1973). 'Financial Deepening in Economic Development'. New York, Oxford University Press.

Shilyaeva, N. (2009). “Growth-Enhancing Mechanism in Transition Countries: Cooperative Effect of Foreign Direct Investment and Financial Development†. M.A. Dissertation, accessed on 9th November, 2011. http://ies.fsv.cuni.cz/default/file/download/id/11147

Soyibo, A. and Olayiwola K. (2000). “Interest Rate Policy and the Promotion of Savings Investment and Resource Mobilization in Nigeriaâ€. Research Report, Volume 24, Development Policy Centre, Ibadan.

Stern, N. (1989). “The Economics of Development: A Surveyâ€, Economic Journal, Volume 100, pp. 567-685.

Teng, J. Z. and Liang, Q. (2007). “Reassessment of the Finance-Growth Nexus in the Presence of Structural Breaks†. Applied Economics, pp. 1 - 12. accessed on 9th November, 2011.

Tsui, A. K. C and Ho, K. Y. (2004). “Analysis of Real GDP Growth Rates of Grater China: An Asymmetric Conditional Volatility Approach.†China Economic Review, Volume 15, pp. 424 - 442. accessed on 9th November, 2011. http://web.cenet.org.cn/upfile/69589.pdf

Van Wijnbergen, S. (1983). “Credit Policy, Inflation and Growth in a Financially Repressed Economyâ€. Journal of Development Economics, Volume 13, pp. 45-65.

Vanguard Newspaper (2009, November, 9). “CBN returns ETB to Adenuga, others†accessed on 9th November, 2011. http://www.vanguardngr.com/2009/11/04/cbn-returns-etb-to-adenuga-others/

Wadud, M.(2009). “Financial Development and Economic Growth: A Cointegration and Error-correction Modeling Approach for South Asian Countriesâ€. Economics Bulletin, Volume 29, Issue 3. accessed on 9th November, 2011. http://www.accessecon.com/pubs/EB/2009/Volume29/EB-09-V29-I3-P14.pdf

Wickramanayake, J. (2004). “Financial Structure, Rural Credit and Supportive Institutional Framework in Sri-Lanka: An Empirical Analysis†. ABERU Discussion Paper 2, 2004. accessed on 9th November, 2011. http://www.buseco.monash.edu.au/units/dru/papers/working-papers-04/0204-srilanka-ruralcredit. pdf

Winkler, A. (1998). “Financial Development, Economic Growth and Corporate Governanceâ€. Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universitat, Frankfurt am main Fachberich Wirtschaftswissenschaften. Working paper Series: Finance and Accounting, Volume 12, 1998.